In Brahic’s (2007) article entitled “Male turtle populations crashing in the heat”, she tried to explain that global warming and increasing temperature have a bad effect on the male turtle population. The male turtle can disappear from the beaches of Florida, if the temperature increased 2 degrees, established by a new study.
First, we can see that the population of female turtle will increase more than that of male turtles in Florida, which means that the temperature is more favorable to female eggs (90% female) and also that the males have migrated to North Carolina (58% female) because of the change of climate. And according the researchers, they thought that male turtles would hardly be able to meet female, so this migration is not a solution of the problem, because if female turtles can’t meet male turtles how can the sea turtle survive? One scientist, Brendan Godley, had analysed 26 years of data to see if temperature had an effect on sex ratios of turtles in North Carolina; the result, of this research on computer models and simulations, were striking, said Brahic.
After that, this increase of 2 degree in Florida (Cape Canaveral), would wipe out males in this regions according to the model. And if the same thing happened in North Carolina (Bald Head Island), because of an increase temperature of 5 degrees, researchers think that males travel south from north to reproduce, and this population of males of North Carolina is essential for Cape Canaveral, which is the most important nesting grounds of the US.
Next, there is the problem of the sea on the eastern seaboard, where new roads and houses are built, this expansion of human territory has increases the sea temperature near these new buildings. And the situation is already critical, and it can destroy all the population of turtles; because the temperature will increase 2 degree more because of the population and activity due to the human. This increase can produce a sex ratio that is only female (100%).
Finally, like Godley said, it’s essential to protect sites that produce males of the increasing temperature (change of climate) and of human activity. And it’s important to protect this oldest species, in any way that we can do. It’s not only for this species, but about global warming, because it’s our future which is on game.
Reference:
Brahic, C. (2007, February 21). Male turtle populations crashing in the heat. NewScientist Environment. Retrieved October 29, 2007
from: http://environment.newscientist.com/article.ns?id=dn11227
Tuesday, October 30, 2007
A Fall Holiday (fluency exercise 3)
In France, we have different fall holidays like in November “Toussaint”, February “Winter’s holidays”, and April “Paques”. I will talk about the winter’s holidays. During this holiday people generally go to the mountains to practice skiing. Generally people rent a chalet for a week, and during the week they go to ski and play in the snow.
The older adults and teenagers practice skiing or snowboarding or anything else that gives this sensation. For the younger people and their mothers, they play in the snow, do toboggan and some learn how to ski.
During this holiday, the symbol is more pleasure, relaxation, and forgetting all stress of the life in the city (work, school, etc). In France, we have a lot of speciality foods and it depends where we are, the region in France. Nevertheless, the most popular food during this season is “fondu savoyarde”; it’s a dish with cheese, Savoyard cheese melt, accompanied by potatoes and French pork butcher’s, and we drink wine with this dish.
Everybody likes this holiday in France. Teenagers go there to be together; adults discover the snow with their children. The mountains during this season are very pleasant.
The older adults and teenagers practice skiing or snowboarding or anything else that gives this sensation. For the younger people and their mothers, they play in the snow, do toboggan and some learn how to ski.
During this holiday, the symbol is more pleasure, relaxation, and forgetting all stress of the life in the city (work, school, etc). In France, we have a lot of speciality foods and it depends where we are, the region in France. Nevertheless, the most popular food during this season is “fondu savoyarde”; it’s a dish with cheese, Savoyard cheese melt, accompanied by potatoes and French pork butcher’s, and we drink wine with this dish.
Everybody likes this holiday in France. Teenagers go there to be together; adults discover the snow with their children. The mountains during this season are very pleasant.
Monday, October 29, 2007
Sea Turtles (summary/response 1)
In Velasquez-Manoff’s (2007) article entitled “Climate turns up heat on sea turtles”, he tried to explain that global warming and the change of climate have a bad effect on the turtle’s eggs. If it’s too hot, only females are born and the species could disappear. Out of seven species of sea turtles, six are endangered because of this change of climate.
First, this change of climate disturbs scientists, because they thought that if sea turtle’s births are affected, their habitat will be too. And they notice, in a warming world, an increasing of the sandy beaches due to stronger storms; these affect their habitat and make a shift of turtle’s food. So now to survive they need to change their area, to find a new habitat without heat and for their food. Velaquez-Manoff said that “there’s global warming’s most direct effect, more heat,” which means that if turtles affect everything, what they need must survive too, and also the other species that they depend on for food.
Secondly, after all these problems seen before for the adult turtles, now we will see about their births, and all the problems of climate change. In addition eggs of turtles need a specific temperature to produce not only female, which is 29.4 degrees (85 degree F.) to have mostly male, above it's mostly female, and with these change of climate, the temperature increase (2 degree more), that will produce only females. James Spotila said that the production of male before was every five or ten years, and it’s important to have more females than males. But with this increase of temperature, a male-producing year will come only every twenty years; with this the turtle can become extinct. In some beaches like Playa Grande on Costa Rica’s Pacific, it’s too hot for eggs, so they move them to a nursery to produce some males (because 70 or 90 are female) and when the young turtles emerge, they bring them to the beach and protect them from different predators like human or animals.
After that other scientists suggested to change the area of the turtles, and during nesting season to put the female turtles at different areas, different beaches, to disperse their eggs, to increase the chances of some eggs to hatch. But for me, all of these suggestions are impossible because human contact can affect the birth of turtles too. And this demands too much interference of human; I agree with protecting some eggs, and putting a few of them in a nursery, because this has a good effect on the species of sea turtles.
To conclude, we need to do everything possible to protect this species, because we can’t know what will happen if the sea turtles disappear, knowing that this species lived since dinosaurs (200 million years), or know what is lost if such an ancient and mysterious creature disappears as Velaquez-Manoff said. And turtles feed will proliferate, and have a bad effect on the oceans. So global warming is a very bad situation, and we need to do something not only for our future children but for all of humanity; it all depends on us.
Reference
Velaquez-Manoff, M. (2007, June 21). Climate turns up heat on sea turtles. The Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved October 23, 2007
from http://www.csmonitor.com/2007/0621/p25s03-sten.htm
First, this change of climate disturbs scientists, because they thought that if sea turtle’s births are affected, their habitat will be too. And they notice, in a warming world, an increasing of the sandy beaches due to stronger storms; these affect their habitat and make a shift of turtle’s food. So now to survive they need to change their area, to find a new habitat without heat and for their food. Velaquez-Manoff said that “there’s global warming’s most direct effect, more heat,” which means that if turtles affect everything, what they need must survive too, and also the other species that they depend on for food.
Secondly, after all these problems seen before for the adult turtles, now we will see about their births, and all the problems of climate change. In addition eggs of turtles need a specific temperature to produce not only female, which is 29.4 degrees (85 degree F.) to have mostly male, above it's mostly female, and with these change of climate, the temperature increase (2 degree more), that will produce only females. James Spotila said that the production of male before was every five or ten years, and it’s important to have more females than males. But with this increase of temperature, a male-producing year will come only every twenty years; with this the turtle can become extinct. In some beaches like Playa Grande on Costa Rica’s Pacific, it’s too hot for eggs, so they move them to a nursery to produce some males (because 70 or 90 are female) and when the young turtles emerge, they bring them to the beach and protect them from different predators like human or animals.
After that other scientists suggested to change the area of the turtles, and during nesting season to put the female turtles at different areas, different beaches, to disperse their eggs, to increase the chances of some eggs to hatch. But for me, all of these suggestions are impossible because human contact can affect the birth of turtles too. And this demands too much interference of human; I agree with protecting some eggs, and putting a few of them in a nursery, because this has a good effect on the species of sea turtles.
To conclude, we need to do everything possible to protect this species, because we can’t know what will happen if the sea turtles disappear, knowing that this species lived since dinosaurs (200 million years), or know what is lost if such an ancient and mysterious creature disappears as Velaquez-Manoff said. And turtles feed will proliferate, and have a bad effect on the oceans. So global warming is a very bad situation, and we need to do something not only for our future children but for all of humanity; it all depends on us.
Reference
Velaquez-Manoff, M. (2007, June 21). Climate turns up heat on sea turtles. The Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved October 23, 2007
from http://www.csmonitor.com/2007/0621/p25s03-sten.htm
Thursday, October 25, 2007
Environment (fluency exercise 2)
In France, the change of climate is a real problem and everybody knows that. During the last four years, the temperature has increased and the seasons have changed too, which means that during the sprint season the temperature is like the temperature of the summer season. Also, we didn't really have a winter season, because the temperature was very hot for this season and we had little snow.
This change of weather had a bad impact on the French economy, and not just during the winter, but also during the summer for the french wine harvest crop was very bad. But it's not only a economic problem; this hot temperature has had bad effect on the old people. Two years ago, a lot of old people died because of this increasing temperature.
So finally, the weather change in France is like other countries and that affects the economy, increases the death rate of the old people, and this change comes from the increased pollution due to cars and factories. So it's important to react and quickly.
This change of weather had a bad impact on the French economy, and not just during the winter, but also during the summer for the french wine harvest crop was very bad. But it's not only a economic problem; this hot temperature has had bad effect on the old people. Two years ago, a lot of old people died because of this increasing temperature.
So finally, the weather change in France is like other countries and that affects the economy, increases the death rate of the old people, and this change comes from the increased pollution due to cars and factories. So it's important to react and quickly.
Wednesday, October 24, 2007
Environment (fluency exercice 1)
In France, the biggest problem is the pollution produced by car, because of so many people using their cars for themselves to go to their job. This pollution produced by these people created some cancer for young children or other problems of breathing for the oldest people or people working outside, and has started to increase the temperature. So for all these reasons, the new president of France made in place a project to push people to use transportation like bus or trains because they are electric so no pollution is produced.
After that he put at our disposition a bike that we could rent for a few euros a day, a week, or a month or more if we want. All of this he had put in place a few months ago to decrease the pollution in the big cities like Paris, Bordeaux, Lyon, Marseille, etc.
To conclude, all the people in France are happy and agree about this project, which is very appreciated; now we hope that this project will influence other countries, because this problem is not only in France, it's all over the world.
After that he put at our disposition a bike that we could rent for a few euros a day, a week, or a month or more if we want. All of this he had put in place a few months ago to decrease the pollution in the big cities like Paris, Bordeaux, Lyon, Marseille, etc.
To conclude, all the people in France are happy and agree about this project, which is very appreciated; now we hope that this project will influence other countries, because this problem is not only in France, it's all over the world.
Global Warming (Practice Summary/Response)
In Bhattacharya's (2004) article entitled " Global warming threatens millions of species", she tried to explain that global warming will have a bad effect on millions of species. In fact, climate change means that one in four land animals and plants are on the way to extinction by 2050, predicts a major new study. She took her information from two news scientists who were very alarmed about this future extinctions of species, if nothing is done.
First, Chris Thomas explained that if these species move to a new area, where the climate and the temperature didn't really change because of car and factory pollution. This change of area could decrease the extinction by ten per cent, meaning that one million in ten million species can disappear. Thomas and colleagues tried to model the different possible scenarios with the minimun loss of species, but with all this supposition a question always comes back: " where are these same conditions going to be found? ", which means where can we find a new area with the same conditions of life before the global warming.
Next, Stuart Pimm said that these species moved, but the climate also affected their habitation, which means that biodiversity is endangered like species. Then all these species can't change their aera; they don't have this possibility, they are not able to migrate, and if all the species go to a new area, this one can be smaller for all them and can it support fewer species?
Finally, both of these two scientists suggest doing everything possible, to reduce this global warming, and both of them encourage all of the different governments to do something. And they gave some examples like cutting emissions of greenhouse gases, employing new energy efficient technologies and using strategies to sequester carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. That is possible if everybody does something, and we can do it. The world and its environment are in game
Reference
Bhattacharya, S. (2004, January 07). Global warming threatens millions of species
New Scientist. Retrieved October 16, 2007
from http://www.newscientist.com/article.ns?id=dn4545&print=true
First, Chris Thomas explained that if these species move to a new area, where the climate and the temperature didn't really change because of car and factory pollution. This change of area could decrease the extinction by ten per cent, meaning that one million in ten million species can disappear. Thomas and colleagues tried to model the different possible scenarios with the minimun loss of species, but with all this supposition a question always comes back: " where are these same conditions going to be found? ", which means where can we find a new area with the same conditions of life before the global warming.
Next, Stuart Pimm said that these species moved, but the climate also affected their habitation, which means that biodiversity is endangered like species. Then all these species can't change their aera; they don't have this possibility, they are not able to migrate, and if all the species go to a new area, this one can be smaller for all them and can it support fewer species?
Finally, both of these two scientists suggest doing everything possible, to reduce this global warming, and both of them encourage all of the different governments to do something. And they gave some examples like cutting emissions of greenhouse gases, employing new energy efficient technologies and using strategies to sequester carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. That is possible if everybody does something, and we can do it. The world and its environment are in game
Reference
Bhattacharya, S. (2004, January 07). Global warming threatens millions of species
New Scientist. Retrieved October 16, 2007
from http://www.newscientist.com/article.ns?id=dn4545&print=true
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